Applications
Many uses for zeolite
Zeolite is a crystallin, porous alumino-silicate, with the capacity to exchange selective ions. Natural zeolites have physical and chemical properties suitable for wide-range industrial and commercial applications. Zeolite has a unique interconnecting lattice structure. This unique structure is arranged in such a way that a honeycomb framework of a consistent diameter of interconnecting channels and pores is formed. The negatively charged alumina and neutrally charged silica tetrahedral building blocks are stacked to produce the open three-dimensional honeycomb framework. As a result of the unique structure, Zeolites are able to attract odors and gasses and trap them safely and effectively in its crystalline structure.
Agriculture :
Field soil amendments, Animal waste treatment, Animal feed additive. Decreases ammonia levels in ponds and tanks; filtrates water for cleaner tanks.
Aquaculture :
Aquarium water ammonia control
Fish hatchery water treatment
Lake and Pond water ammonia control
Ice Traction Control :
Horticulture :
Soil amendments
Gardens/nursery beds
Reclamation/revegetation
Turf grass soil amendment
Golf course mixes
Precasting :
Lightweight aggregate; High strength.
Zeolite has been found to be an excellent pozzolan (Portland cement substitute) in concrete. It is much cheaper and more energy efficient to produce than Portland Cement. 15-40% of the cement can be effectively replaced by Zeolite. 10 tons of Zeolite used as a pozzolan saves approximately 1 ton of fuel.
Waste Water Treatment :
Waste water ammonia removal
Pollution abatement processes
Nuclear waste removal and containment
Other uses :
Odor control products
Kitty litter
Oil spill sorbate
Pollution Control :
Zeolites have been found to increase biological activity, reduce nutrient levels, cut sludge volume and odours, reduce ammonia and BOD levels in ion exchange columns or bed effluent, can be back flushed and regenerated, with ammonia recovered for fertilizer, increases sewerage plant capacity and life cycle.
Mining :
Remediation of mines through absorption and retention of dangerous heavy metals and other metallurgical wastes.
Crops/Pastures :
Higher yields through making fertilizers more effective by preventing leeching and holding valuable nutrients such as ammonium nitrate, potassium, magnesium and calcium as well as trace elements for slow release as needed. Also produces long term soil improvements.
Horticulture :
Retains nutrients longer to lower fertilizer costs; substantial yield improvements; less nutrient leeching; long term soil improvement.
Stockfeeds :
Diminishes ammonia toxicity and scouring; increases nitrogen levels in manures for higher fertilizer values; reduces odour levels in sheds and a safer, slow release off ammonia from urea; produces lower mortality rates in fowls and limits the moisture levels in organic wastes.
Turf :
Produces significant turf root improvement; dense and deeper feeder root system; less fertilizers required; retention of key nutrients; increased soil potassium levels; permanent increase in cation-exchange capacity.
Vermiculture / Fertilizer :
Traps nitrogen through cation-exchange, eliminates odours in worm farms, absorbs and holds heavy metals, stabilizes the pH value of worm beds; increases the nutrient value of vermicast.
Benefits of using Zeolite in cement and precasting applications :
Lighter in weight, Increases sulfate resistance with high alkali cement, Has shown greater resistance to corrosion by soils high in sulfate, Inhibits Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR), Improved resistance to chemical attacks by salts on concretes used in desert soils, Reduction in amount and rate of heat evolution during hydration, Improved ultimate compressive strength, Longer setting time, Improved workability, Reduced permeability, more energy efficient than producing Portland cement, environmentally friendly
Uses of Zeolite with cement :
Precast walls, Concrete Siding, Flatwork, Highways, Roof Tiles, Blocks, Mortar, Stucco, Mass footings, Sculptures, Zeolite as pozzolan saves money and fuel
Benefits of using Zeolite in Horticulture applications :
Increases cation exchange capacity (CEC), Improves porosity. Water-holding properties, Increases nitrogen retention in the soil, Reduces ammonia volatilization, Reduces nitrate leaching, Improves potassium retention, Improves the utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants, Decreases water runoff and ponding, Decreases occurrence of localized dry spots, Increases amount of water available to plants, Increases length of time between irrigations, Inorganic substitute for peat moss in mixes, Increases in fertilizer use efficiency, Relieves compacted soils, Excellent tolerance to traffic. LA wear index (%) is 24, USGA specs should not exceed 40
Uses of Zeolite for landscaping :
Aerification, topdressing, new construction, greenhouse mixes, landscape mixes, golf course mixes, planters, turfgrass production
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Specifications
Zeolite green powder 200mesh
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Nano zeolite
Identification of Zeolite
Zeolites are not so easy to immediately identify because of the fact that they resemble simple rocks and crystals.
Depending on how the specific zeolite was formed and what extra minerals are thrown into it, it can look like a
simple whitewashed rock or a clear quartzlike crystal. When you look at a zeolite up close using a microscope you
will notice that whatever it looks like, its surface will be covered in tiny holes or pores. Nano zeolite zeolites
Features of Zeolite
These pores, which are actually called micropores because they are smaller than 2 nanometers in diameter, are
the main features of a zeolite. All zeolites are aluminosilicate minerals. This means that they are minerals composed
of aluminum, oxygen, and silicon. The tiny pores in zeolite make it the perfect material for other elements to build up.
Some of these include magnesium, sodium and potassium. Nano zeolite
Types of Zeolite
There are about 175 different kinds of zeolite in the world, 80 types of which are found naturally. The rest have been
artificially produced based on the framework of the natural zeolites. All of these are composed in some degree of
aluminum, silicon and oxygen, though the ratios of these may vary. Different zeolites will also contain other elements. Nano zeolite
Specification of Zeolite
Nano zeolite
Application of Zeolite
Nano zeolite
Geography of Zeolite
Natural zeolites can be found in one of two different places. The first is where volcanic rock and ash have mixed together. When this mixture interacts with water that has a high pH level, making it alkaline water, zeolites are formed in rocklike formations. In shallow marine basins, zeolites can also crystallize, though this process takes thousands of years. The water is full of minerals that will alkalize over time and eventually form the microporous zeolite framework. Nano zeolite
Function of Zeolite
Zeolites have found use in a number of different fields and applied in various situations in them. Because of the tiny pores that they are made up of, they are perfect for trapping or filtering various elements and ions. In the home, they are commonly found as part of water filters. Chemsist also use zeolites to trap or filter certain molecules, since only very small ones can pass through a zeolite's pores. They are also used in soil purification and to trap solar rays in order to collect heat. Nano zeolite
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http://www.epa.gov/radiation/docs/cleanup/nanotechnology/chapter-2-zeolites.pdf
http://www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/docs/cleanup/nanotechnology/chapter-2-zeolites.pdf
Zeolites are a well-established technology used in a range of processes and industries.
Zeolites are not new materials—they have been investigated for over two and a half
centuries, with stilbite and natrolite both being identified in the 1750s. Industrial
applications include catalysis in the petroleum industry (Venuto and Dekker 1979, Chen
et al. 1994), various uses in agriculture (St. Cloud 2007, BRZ Zeolite 2007, Zeolite
Australia 2007), horticulture (ZeoPro 2007), gas separations (Yang 1994, Kerry 2007,
Kanellopoulos 2000), domestic water treatment (McKetta 1999, Kawamura 2000, Faust
1998); and nuclear waste processing (Auerback et al. 2003, Choppin and Khankhasayev
1999). The value of zeolite catalysis to petroleum cracking is well in excess of $200
billion (MassNanoTech 2007). About 50 naturally occurring zeolites have been
identified; over 150 synthetic zeolites have been prepared and characterized; and further
thousands of combinations of framework and composition are available (MassNanoTech
2007, Baerlocher and McCusker 1996). Zeolites have long been used in the nuclear
industry (Auerback et al. 2003, Choppin and Khankhasayev 1999) owing to their
properties as ion exchangers. The planned siting of the United States’ first deep geologic
radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain in Nevada, where design philosophy
called for both engineered and natural barriers (Ahn et al. 1981) to inhibit the transport of
any potentially leaking radionuclides, was influenced considerably by the local
abundance of the natural zeolites mordenite and clinoptilolite, both of which have large
cationic exchange capacities.
2.5.2 Description
Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates, compositionally similar to clay minerals, but
differing in their well-defined three-dimensional nano- and micro-porous structure.
Aluminum, silicon, and oxygen are arranged in a regular structure of [SiO4]
-
and [AlO4]
-
tetrahedral units that form a framework with small pores (also called tunnels, channels, or
cavities) of about 0.1-2 nm diameter running through the material. Figure 12 shows a
representation of a typical zeolite framework. It should be clearly noted that this is just
one of a large and growing number of types of zeolite framework. In 1970, the Atlas of
Zeolite Framework Types (Baerlocher and McCusker 1996) listed 27 known frameworks,
but by 2003, the number had grown to 145. The variety of size and shape available for
the pore structure is the source of zeolites’ catalytic activity that is so important to the
petrochemical industry.
A second consequence of the framework being built from negatively charged units is that
it possesses a net negative charge that must be balanced by the presence of positively
charged cations. Most naturally occurring zeolites have the environmentally predominant
sodium ion as a loosely bound counter ion. These can be readily displaced by other ions
for which a particular framework has a much greater affinity, thus giving zeolites
significant ion exchange properties.
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